Digital cameras are quickly becoming more popular, with their capabilities increasing dramatically and are very expensive for what they do. They are distinguished by their resolution, like how many pixels or picture elements the image sensor contains, like one megapixel equals 1 million picture elements. Digital cameras are also gaining popularity within the field of forensic science. However, there are still some drawbacks to the utilization of digital cameras within forensic science casework.
Digital cameras are sensitive to temperature changes and humidity, more so than their film counterparts. A good camera bag will protect and insulate the camera from the elements, particularly if you leave the camera in a car for a period of time. Although they are still rather expensive, you must know the proper handling and safety rules when using the camera.
As the years go by digital cameras are getting better and cheaper although with the new wave of three-megapixel cameras, capable of delivering eight-by-ten photo prints. These prints are so good that they're hard to distinguish from film-camera prints and have come to market for less than $1,000, often much less. They are very complex, and many critical elements must function well for the camera to produce a high-quality image.
Digital Camera Lenses
The Lenses are often sold separately, although many cameras are sold with a "kit" lens for about $100 more than the cost of the body. Lenses are extra, and expensive, anywhere from a couple hundred dollars to thousands of dollars. Most lenses retail for just less than $1,000, but many of the professional lenses cost anywhere from $1,300 to $8,000 or more. Lens aperture or the f-number is the ratio of the focal length of the lens to the diameter of the light rays passing through the aperture in the iris diaphragm. Smaller numbers represent bigger openings and allow more light to pass through.
Images in Digital Cameras
Image resolutions in digital photography are much higher than computer monitors with numbers in the millions of pixels or mega-pixel range. A digital camera with a resolution of 2048 x 1536 would have a total resolution of 3.1 million pixels or mega-pixels. The image stabilization reduces blurry pictures and jumpy movies caused by shaky hands and the image files are often recorded in a variety of resolutions, suitable for a broad range of applications. The image output is very good indeed and the controls and interface are easy to learn and comfortable to use. There are some contradictions though.
The Compact Digital Cameras
Compact digital cameras come in all price ranges, from under $100 to well over a $1000. This ensures that the widest range of customers have access to a camera that will suit their budget. These digital cameras are a good choice for travel when you know that you'll want to take a photo every 15 or 20 minutes and have smaller wells than DSLR's.
Compact digital cameras are catching up; however the difference is still significant. A lag time of ~0.5 seconds can result in you missing the heartbeat of the moment and hence that potential great picture. So make sure you know your options when getting one.
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